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Adnan Oktar (born 2 February 1956), also known as Harun Yahya,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Harun Yahya )〕 is a Turkish author as well as an Islamic creationist.〔(Seeing the light – of science ) Salon.com〕 In 2007, he sent thousands of unsolicited copies of his book, ''The Atlas of Creation'', which advocates Islamic creationism, to American scientists, members of Congress, and science museums. Oktar runs two organizations of which he is also the Honorary President: ''Bilim Araştırma Vakfı'' (literally, "Science Research Foundation", BAV, established 1990), which promotes creationism and ''Milli Değerleri Koruma Vakfı'' (literally, "National Values Preservation Foundation", established 1995) which works domestically on a variety of moral issues. In more recent years, Adnan Oktar has been known for his televangelism on his TV channel, A9 TV, noted especially for featuring 'kittens', his female devotees. His organization is commonly referred to as a cult, and he has been described as the "most notorious cult leader in Turkey."〔 Oktar filed more than 5 thousand lawsuit against individuals for defamation in the last decade,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Adnan Hoca'ya 'cezai ehliyet' şoku )〕 and led to blocking of a number of prominent websites in Turkey. ==Biography== Adnan Oktar was born in Ankara, Turkey, in 1956, and raised there through his high school years, where he studied the works of Islamic scholars like Said Nursi, a Muslim Kurdish scholar who wrote Risale-i Nur, an extensive Qur'anic commentary which includes a comprehensive political and religious ideology.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Risâle-i Nur Collection )〕 In 1979, Oktar came to Istanbul and entered Mimar Sinan University. These years were marked with violence and repression which led to the installation of a military junta following the coup of September 1980. The environment in Turkey was one of political and cultural instability, threatened by Cold War politics, and a clash between Kemalist secular modernisers and a rising tide of Islamic militancy.〔 In this environment he regularly attended the Molla Mosque in Fındıklı locality, close to the academy of fine arts where he studied interior architecture,〔 to pray regardless of threats.〔 Edip Yuksel, who knew him during those years, described him as a "Sunni zealot."〔 In the early 1980s, he gathered young students around him to share his views of Islam. These students belonged to socially-active and prosperous families of Istanbul.〔 From 1982 to 1984, a group of 20 to 30 was formed. They were joined by private high school students who were from socially active and well-known families with a high economic status who had become newly religious.〔 Yüksel said Oktar presented his teachings "gently and in a modern fashion to the children of the privileged class, without intimidating them ... a refined and urbanized version of Said Nursi."〔 In his religious teachings, Oktar argued against Marxism, communism and materialistic philosophy. He attached special importance to refuting the Theory of Evolution and Darwinism because he felt that it had been turned into an ideology used to promote materialism and atheism, and numerous derivative ideologies. He personally funded a pamphlet entitled the ''Theory of Evolution''〔 which combined "mysticism with scientific rhetoric."〔〔 In 1986 he enrolled in the Philosophy Department of Istanbul University. Oktar appeared as the cover story of ''Nokta'' (The Point) magazine, reporting how he gathered with his friends and held lectures in a mosque. Many university students, mostly from Bosphorus University, one of the most prestigious universities of Turkey, started to participate. Adnan Oktar's name began to appear regularly in the press, sometimes in the headlines. Later that year he published a 550-page book titled ''Judaism and Freemasonry'' based on conspiracy theories that state offices, universities, political groups and media were influenced by a "hidden group"〔 "to erode the spiritual, religious, and moral values of the Turkish people and make them like animals." Adnan Oktar later qualified those remarks (see "Conspiracy Theories" below). Oktar was arrested, charged with promoting a theocratic revolution for which he served 19 months, though he was never formally charged.〔〔 In 1986, Oktar spent 10 months in a mental hospital, but he complains that he was not mentally ill but a political "prisoner" who was punished because of the publication of his book, ''Freemasonry and Judaism''. Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, Oktar built up his community. His followers were especially active recruiting at summer resorts along the Sea of Marmara. The social organization within the group became more hierarchical and took on a Messianic nature.〔 Oktar says that due to the anarchy and terror in those years, he was unable to continue his studies. He had already begun working on his books, so when he left school he devoted his energy to his books. In 1990, he founded the ''Science Research Foundation'' (SRF, or, in Turkish, ''Bilim Araştırma Vakfı'', or BAV). Oktar founded the ''Science Research Foundation'' to hold conferences and seminars for scientific activities "that target mass awareness concerning what the real underlying causes of social and political conflicts are",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About the SRF )〕 which he describes to be materialism and Darwinism, though some media describe the BAV as "a secretive Islamic sect" and "cult-like organization, that jealously guards the secrets of its considerable wealth".〔Birch, Nicholas (24 May 2007) (TURKEY: SCIENTISTS FACE OFF AGAINST CREATIONISTS )〕 Members of the BAV are sometimes referred to as ''Adnan Hocacılar'' ("Adherents of Adnan the Hodja") by the public〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Which Justice? )〕 In 1994 the Islamist Welfare Party (Refah Partisi), the predecessor of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) , won control of the municipalities of Istanbul and Ankara. The new mayors (in Istanbul this was Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, now Turkey’s President) sought broader support. The journalist and editor Fatih Altayli wrote that Oktar made business agreements with municipalities under the control of the Welfare party. This accusation was denied by Oktar, and resulted in libel suits against Fatih Altayli with various results. In 1995, Oktar founded ''Foundation for Protection of National Values'' (FPNV or in Turkish ''Millî Değerleri Koruma Vakfı''), through which he networks with other conservative Turkish nationalist organizations and individuals based on the ideology of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey. In 1997, after another military intervention, the "bloodless coup" of 1997, the government of Erbakan stepped down and the Welfare Party disbanded. According to the ''New Humanist'', the current AKP government avoids political connections with Oktar and his organization.〔 In September 1999 Adnan Oktar was arrested and charged with using threats for personal benefit and creating an organization with the intent to commit a crime (see "Legal issues" below). After a court case lasting two years the charges were dismissed. After 11 September 2001 and the WTC attacks, he published a book, (''Islam Denounces Terrorism''. ) Between that time and the present, BAV has organized hundreds of conferences on creationism in Turkey〔(Turkish scientists confront creationists' theory )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Islamic Scientific Creationism )〕 and worldwide. He built a large publishing enterprise with publications sold though Islamic bookstore worldwide. He is considered "one of the most widely distributed authors in the Muslim world".〔 His television show is viewed by many in the Arab world. Oktar has been preaching about the "Turkish-Islamic Union", which would bring peace to the entire Muslim world under the leadership of Turkey.〔 In 2007 he sent out thousands of unsolicited copies of his ''Atlas of Creation'' advocating Islam and creationism to schools and colleges in several European countries and the USA.〔 In 1999, the case was reopened by another court (see "Legal issues" below). Oktar was convicted and sentenced to three years in prison.〔 But the verdict was appealed and in May 2010 it was overturned. During these years he engaged in numerous libel suits with various results (See "Legal Issues" below). In some cases he was successful in blocking high-profile websites in Turkey for slander (see "Blocking Internet Sites" below), including that of Richard Dawkins, as well as the complete Wordpress-site. In 2010, Oktar was selected as one of the top fifty of ''The 500 Most Influential Muslims'' in the World by the Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre of Jordan for his dissemination of creationism in an Islamic context, and other extensively distributed publications on Islamic topics. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Adnan Oktar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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